84 / 116
82
TABLE 9 – Comparison of production cost budgets for summer grain crops under irrigation for the 2019/2020 season.
TABEL 9 – Vergelyking van produksiekostebegrotings vir somergraangewasse onder besproeiing vir die 2019/2020-seisoen.
NORTHERN CAPE IRRIGATION
NOORD-KAAP BESPROEIING
LIMPOPO IRRIGATION
LIMPOPO BESPROEIING
Irrigation Maize
Besproeiing Mielies
Irrigation Soybeans
Besproeiing Sojabone
Irrigation Maize
Besproeiing Mielies
Irrigation Soybeans
Besproeiing Sojabone
1. Income/Inkomste
Planned yield/Beplande opbrengs (t/ha)
14,00
4,00
12,00
3,50
Safex price (best grade)/Safex-prys (beste graad) (R/ton)
R2 700
R5 300
R2 700
R5 300
Deductions/Aftrekkings (R/ton)
R345
R128
R207
R128
Producer price/Produsenteprys (R/ton)
R2 355
R5 172
R2 493
R5 172
Gross income/Bruto inkomste (R/ha)
R32 970
R20 688
R29 916
R18 102
2. Variable costs/Veranderlike kostes
Seed/Saad
R4 840
R1 593
R3 898
R1 817
Fertiliser/Kunsmis
R9 462
R5 798
R6 295
R1 150
Fuel/Brandstof Lime/Kalk
R1 063
R721
R1 125
R1 061
Repairs/Reparasie
R463
R330
R467
R500
Herbicides/Onkruiddoders
R254
R398
R317
R349
Pesticides/Plaagdoder
R2 737
R1 240
R62
R176
Irrigation cost/Besproeiingskoste
R4 782
R4 782
R6 847
R4 806
Grain price hedging/Graanprysverskansing
R2 202
R829
R1 748
R562
Contract harvesting/Kontrakstroop
R1 400
R1 400
R800
R800
Crop insurance/Oesversekering
R492
R1 110
R1 789
R916
Air spray/Lugbespuiting
R400
R -
R192
R192
Production credit interest/Produksiekrediet-rente
R1 401
R882
R1 194
R605
Total variable costs/Totale veranderlike koste (R/ha)
R29 496
R19 083
R24 734
R12 934
Total fixed costs/Totale vaste koste (R/ha)
R6 937
R6 937
R7 305
R7 305
Total costs/Totale koste (R/ha)
R36 433
R26 020
R32 039
R20 240
3. Gross margin/Bruto marge (R/ha)
R3 474
R1 605
R5 182
R5 168
4. Net margin/Netto marge (R/ha)
-R3 463
-R5 332
-R2 123
-R2 138
Breakeven (variable costs only)/Gelykbreek (slegs veranderlike koste)
Yield/Opbrengs (t/ha)
12,52
3,69
9,92
2,50
Safex price/Safex-prys (R/ha)
2 452
4 899
2 268
3 824
Breakeven (variable + fixed cost)/Gelykbreek (veranderlike + vaste koste)
Yield/Opbrengs (t/ha)
15,47
5,03
12,85
3,91
Safex price/Safex-prys (R/ha)
2 947
6 633
2 877
5 911
IRRIGATION
When the cost per hectare between dry land and irrigation is
compared, there is a significant difference. The difference in variable
cost is mainly due to the higher plant density under irrigation resulting
in an increase in both seed and fertiliser costs.
Except for the price increases in input costs, an irrigation producer
is suffering under the constant increase in the cost of, for example
electricity, water and pivot maintenance – just to name a few.
Table 9
shows the estimated production costs for irrigation crops for the
Northern Cape and Limpopo for the coming season (2019/2020).
According to calculations, the variable cost to produce maize under
irrigation in the Northern Cape for a 14 t/ha yield target is a shocking
R29 496/ha, while it is R24 734 for a 12t/ha yield target in Limpopo.
If the Safex price as well as the estimated budgeted input costs (only
variable costs) realises, it seems as though an irrigation producer
would be able to cover his variable costs. However, if the fixed cost
component is also taken into account profitable maize production is
under pressure and maize will be produced at a loss. In summary,
Graph 20
(on page 80) show that profitable maize production under
irrigation for both regions is under pressure if the total (variable and
fixed) costs are taken into account.
BESPROEIING
Wanneer die koste per hektaar vir droëland en besproeiing vergelyk
word, is daar ’n beduidende verskil. Die verskil in veranderlike koste is
hoofsaaklik as gevolg van die hoër plantdigtheid onder besproeiing, wat
tot ’n styging in saad- sowel as kunsmiskoste lei.
Buiten vir die prysverhogings in insetkoste, gaan ’n besproeiings-
produsent gebuk onder die voortdurende verhoging in die koste van
byvoorbeeld elektrisiteit, water en instandhouding van spilpunte – om
maar ’n paar te noem.
Tabel 9
toon die geraamde produksiekoste vir
besproeiingsgewasse vir die Noord-Kaap en Limpopo vir die komende
seisoen (2019/2020). Volgens berekeninge is die veranderlike koste
om mielies in die Noord-Kaap onder besproeiing te produseer vir ’n
opbrengsmikpunt van 14 t/ha ’n skokkende R29 496/ha, terwyl dit in
Limpopo vir ’n opbrengsmikpunt van 12 t/ha R24 734 is.
Indien die Safex-prys sowel as die geraamde begrote insetkoste (slegs
veranderlike koste) realiseer, wil dit voorkom of ’n besproeiingsprodusent
sy veranderlike koste sal kan dek. As die vastekostekomponent egter
ook in ag geneem word, is winsgewende mielieproduksie onder druk,
en mielies sal teen ’n verlies geproduseer word. Ter opsomming toon
Grafiek 20
(op bladsy 80) dat winsgewende mielieproduksie onder
besproeiing vir albei streke onder druk is as die totale (veranderlike en
vaste) koste in ag geneem word.