Annual report 2025
1 Content Group overview Grain SA Board Personnel Message of the Chairperson Report of the CEO Grain SA Member Services Grain intelligence, economics and members support Production overview Input overview Income and production cost Research, innovation and capacity development Member data and levies Other entities Phahama Grain Phakama NPC Nampo (Pty) Ltd Commercial Producers Trust Group enabling services Communication, public relations and advocacy Finance and IT Company Secretary Human Resources and corporate services Regional meetings 2024/2025 Board member fees Financial Statements 2 4 5 10 13 18 24 32 43 60 73 77 86 90 91 108 109 118 120 122 124
2 Group overview Mission To promote a credible and sustainable, voluntary and inclusive organisation for grain producers that gives impetus to approved strategic actions and includes meaningful partnerships and relationships with role players. Vision To influence the macro- and micro-economic environments in order to make sustainable and profitable local grain production and development possible. Culture and values The creation of an empowering caring environment for passionate, dedicated and expert teams to grow and enjoy serving the organisation and influencing and delivering value for the wider food value chain. We strive to inculcate trust and build relationships through respectful interaction and open, honest and effective communication. We value continuous, sincere and honest teamwork that leads to sustained, impactful results. FOUNDED VOLUNTARY, FARMER-LED INDUSTRY ORGANISATION 1999 33 REGIONS REPRESENTED COMMERCIAL MEMBERS DEVELOPING GRAIN PRODUCERS FARMER DEVELOPMENT BENEFICIARIES 7 852 5 891 18 398 Grain SA is a voluntary industry organisation that provides commodity-strategic support and services to the grain and oilseeds producers of South Africa. The corporate identity of the organisation and the motto ‘We are’ imply that together, the members of the organisation are stronger than a single voice. This united voice reflects the authenticity and relevance of the collective and is evidence of the dynamics of grain and oilseed production in South Africa. Commodities that are represented include maize, wheat, soybeans, canola, sunflower, sorghum, barley and groundnuts. Grain SA was established on 19 June 1999 with the merging of four former industry organisations, namely NAMPO (maize), NOPO (soybeans, sunflower, and groundnuts), the WPO (grain, barley and oats) and the SPO (grain sorghum). During 2024 the organisation's structure was transformed into a group of entities composed as follows: 1. Grain SA NPO, with the focus on promoting the interests of grain and oilseeds producers, is the holding entity of the group of entities. 2. Phahama Grain Phakama NPC, with the focus on training, development and the commercialisation of developing producers. 3. Nampo (Pty) Ltd, to manage commercial projects within the Grain SA group of entities, including events like the functions of NAMPO and the SA Grain-magazine. 4. The Commercial Producers Trust, with a focus on research to the benefit of the maize and wheat industries. STRUCTURE OUR FOCUS: GRAIN AND OILSEED PRODUCERS ACROSS SA
3 Leadership Grain SA represents the country’s grain and oilseed producers through 33 geographical regions in South Africa. Each region is represented by an elected member (nominated and elected for a term of office during Congress) on the Board. Board members also utilise the regional and branch structures of the organisation to serve members. The Board elects an Executive Committee (Exco) from its ranks. It comprises a chairperson, two vice-chairpersons and additional members. The Exco exercises all competencies of the Board between sessions of the Board and Congress. Working groups are appointed by the Board to assist the leadership in carrying out their duties. In terms of Grain SA's Constitution, directors of entities such as Nampo (Pty) Ltd and Phahama Grain Phakama NPC are appointed from the Grain SA Board as are the trustees of the Commercial Producers Trust. With representation by Grain SA's leadership and/or personnel throughout the grain family, the cause of grain producers is effectively carried out via commodity trusts, forums, advisory committees, industry services as well as liaison with input and other umbrella organisations. Areas of impact Through the respective group entities – and under the leadership of a Chief Executive Officer and an expert personnel team – the following areas are focused on: RESEARCH INNOVATION AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT Climate change and adaptation, plant health, crop improvement, biosecurity, data and analytics, capacity development TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION AND AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT New era producers, emerging commercial producers, study groups, subsistence and poverty relief, training and mentorship, NAMPO, NAMPO Tech and SA Grain-magazine GRAIN INFORMATION, ECONOMICS AND MEMBER SUPPORT Production, input procurement, pricing and quality, sustainability and ESG, market access, market intelligence, policy and regulatory analysis ENABLING SERVICES AND ORGANISATIONAL DEVELOPMENT Member communications, media engagement, digital and social media strategy, thought leadership, partnership with government, civil society and value chain ADVOCACY AND PARTNERSHIPS Inclusive membership base, healthy working environment, financial certainty and process accuracy, governance and decision excellence Sunflower Sorghum Groundnuts Wheat Maize Soybeans Barley Canola CROPS REPRESENTED Core strategic objectives 1 . Influencing economic sustainability. 2. Growing and supporting developing grain producers to become commercially sustainable. 3. Increasing the involvement of the younger generation of producers. 4. Growing a wider membership base. 5. Establishing and maintaining key value chain relationships. 6. Efficient and effective communication.
4 Grain SA Board Front MUSSA THOMAS SIBIYA Region 29 DISSIE KRUGER Region 25 RAMOSO PHOLO* Representative: Farmer Development DANIE MINNAAR* Vice-chairperson Richard Krige* Chairperson JEREMIA MATHEBULA* Vice-chairperson TOM VAN ROOYEN* Region 23 WILLEM GROOTHOF* Region 13 PIETER-ALBERT BOTHA Region 20 SHADRACK MBELE Region 31 Middle EBERT DU PLESSIS Region 12 ANDRIES GROESBEEK Region 9 GERT PRETORIUS Region 1 FRANCOIS GELDENHUYS Region 4 Ryk Pretorius Region 10 FANIE BEKKER Co-opted member – Region 25 DIRK LAAS Region 6 WILLIAM RAPHOTO Region 28 COBUS VAN ZYL* Region 3 PIETMAN BOTHA Region 7 Back THOBANI NTONGA Region 33 KOOS BLANCKENBERG Region 26 JOSE DE KOCK Region 27 HENDRI JANSEN VAN RENSBURG Region 17 JACQUES VAN DER MERWE Region 24 Neil Claassen Region 18 EWALD KLINGENBERG Region 14 Joseph Swanepoel Region 8 Rossouw Swart Region 32 KOOS BEZUIDENHOUT Region 2 GERDUS BESTER Region 21 GERRIT ROOS Region 11 JACO BREYTENBACH Region 19 * EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Absent Dr Tobias Doyer* Chief Executive Officer Will Grobler Region 5 Tommie Scholtz (Co-opted member – Region 14) Paul Zietsman Region 15 Wessel Hattingh Region 16 Willie Marais Region 22
5 Alzena Gomes Communication and Liaison Officer Alzena Gomes Communication and Liaison Officer Corné Louw Head: Applied Economics and Member Services MARKETING Nampo (Pty) Ltd Dr Dirk Strydom Managing Director: Nampo (Pty) Ltd Lombard van Dyk Marketer Werner Vos Marketer MJ Swart Regional Manager: Marketing and Farmer Development: Western Cape Sibusiso Mabuza CEO: Phahama Grain Phakama NPC Dr Dirk Strydom Managing Director: Nampo (Pty) Ltd Coretha Usher Head: Human Resources and Corporate Services Personnel Dr Tobias Doyer Chief Executive Officer Nico Vermaak Company Secretary Janus Theron Chief Financial Officer Management Committee (ManCo) Patricia Zimu Levy Officer and Marketer Mike Ellis Manager: Research Coordination and NAMPO-Tech
6 Hailey Ehrenreich Committee Officer: Western Cape Mike Ellis Manager: Research Coordination and NAMPO-Tech Dr Lavinia Kisten Research Coordinator Pfano Musetsho Research Coordination Intern Janneke Smit Function Coordinator: NAMPO Park Cathy Papenfus Administrative Clerk Daniel van Eeden Grounds Assistant Carmen Visser Secretary to Managing Director: Nampo (Pty) Ltd Bennie Zaayman Manager: NAMPO Park Wim Venter Administrative Officer: NAMPO Harvest Day Wilmari Ellis Contract Administrator: NAMPO NAMPO HARVEST DAY RESEARCH COORDINATION MARKETING (CONTINUED) Nampo (Pty) Ltd (continued) Nolo Bakwa Communication and Liaison Assistant
7 Cathrine Mathekga Junior Agricultural Economist Gerhard Burger Junior Agricultural Economist Gerrit Olivier Agricultural Economist Intern Corné Louw Head: Applied Economics and Member Services Sibusiso Mabuza CEO: Phahama Grain Phakama NPC Heleen Viljoen Senior Agricultural Economist Bankies Malan Credit and Loans Coordinator (contractor) Marguerite Pienaar Agricultural Economist Mlibo Qotoyi Junior Operational Manager Luzelle Botha Committee Officer Jean Adams Secretary to CEO: PGP APPLIED ECONOMICS AND MEMBER SERVICES Phahama Grain Phakama NPC Graeme Engelbrecht Regional Development Manager: Dundee MJ Swart Regional Manager: Marketing and Farmer Development: Western Cape Jerry Mthombothi Regional Development Manager (contractor): Mbombela Hailey Ehrenreich Committee Officer: Western Cape
8 Nico Vermaak Company Secretary Anika Rossle Assistant Company Secretary Clarissa Chinian Secretary to CEO and Company Secretary Cwayita Mpotyi Office Assistant: Mthatha Luthando Diko Office Assistant: Kokstad Nathi Mazibuko Office Assistant: Dundee Lebo Mogatlanyane Office Assistant: Lichtenburg Phumzile Ngcobo Assistant Regional Development Manager: Dundee Lanalie Swanepoel Office Assistant: Louwsburg Eric Wiggill Regional Development Manager (contractor): Eastern Cape Lindie Pretorius Monitoring and Evaluation Officer Phahama Grain Phakama NPC (continued) Company Secretary (CoSec) Jacques Roux Regional Development Manager (contractor): Eastern Free State Du Toit van der Westhuizen Regional Development Manager (contractor): Lichtenburg
9 Leticia Reid Creditors Clerk Machel Kruger Financial Clerk Boipelo Mosikare Financial Clerk Elda-Beth Keeley Debtors Clerk Janus Theron Chief Financial Officer Coretha Usher Head: Human Resources and Corporate Services Madelie Goosen Senior Accountant Lizzy Mosehla Human Resources and Corporate Services Administrator Johan Teessen Junior Data and Business Analyst (contractor) Eva Lehabe Receptionist Louisa Mohlala Cleaner Human Resources and Corporate Services Grain SA personnel who resigned during the reporting period Finance and IT Name Position Date Rialeen Lombard Support Officer: NAMPO Harvest Day 31 May 2025 Elray de Klerk Communication and Liaison Assistant 31 August 2025 Liana Stroebel Operational Manager: PGP 4 June 2025 (deceased) Johan Kriel Regional Development Manager (contractor): Western Free State 30 September 2025 Dr Mahlane Godfrey Kgatle Research Coordinator 31 December 2025 Strelza van Aardt Agricultural Economist Intern 31 December 2025 Jane McPherson Consultant: Phahama Grain Phakama NPC 31 January 2026 Bernard Lategan Accountant (contractor)
10 Looking back on this reporting period, I am encouraged by the remarkable tenacity of South Africa’s grain industry as a whole, despite the many challenges encountered. Producers are adapting their strategies and production practices to counter quality issues, price challenges, the removal of available chemical crop solutions from the market, Sclerotinia, variable weather patterns and remaining productive. The removal of pest remedies and other solutions from the market has left producers with little or no alternatives and where alternatives are available this has further increased production costs and reduced effectiveness. Producers delivered strong outputs under these conditions, maintained production momentum and upheld their commitment to feeding the nation even under volatile climatic and economic conditions. The industry's ability to remain productive in the face of rising input costs, weather extremes and market uncertainty affirms its critical role in national food security and economic stability. What has stood out most during this year is that grain producers have shown exceptional resilience, adaptability and innovation to survive each season after the next. Market and production conditions are not getting easier and farmers must continue to embrace improved genetics, mechanisation and precision-agriculture tools to adapt their production systems and business models to mitigate risk and maximise efficiency. Their readiness to innovate – whether through climate-smart practices, technology adoption or more strategic resource management – shows that South Africa’s grain producers are not only surviving adversity but actively shaping a competitive and sustainable future. I am however also deeply concerned about the financial strain that producers are experiencing because of high input costs and commodity prices that remain low. We are mindful that there are areas where producers face the harsh realities of meeting their financial commitments and various discussions have taken place in the second half of the reporting period with financiers regarding this situation. Grain SA is engaging with the financial sector to look at various strategies to assist farmers with their financing needs in the short and long term. In this environment, Grain SA has continued to play a pivotal role in supporting and strengthening producers’ efforts. The organisation’s advocacy, research facilitation and market information services ensured that producers remained informed, empowered and equipped to navigate an increasingly complex agricultural landscape. This is in line with the organisation's core objective and strategy of ensuring productivity and sustainability. Retained focus on input suppliers Looking forward, I believe that Grain SA must continue to strengthen its value to members through focused engagement with input suppliers to ensure access to the latest technology. South Africa is not the biggest market in the world and we need to ensure and place pressure on these partners to bring the full spectrum of solutions to the local market ensuring we remain competitive locally and in terms of global markets. Further engagements with the supply chain and supply chain partners are essential in ensuring amongst other factors that the wheat tariff is effective, grading systems work and the survival and future of the wheat industry is ensured securing sustainability for producers. Engagements will be expanded to digital capability, data management and deeper collaboration across the value chain. Message of the Chairperson INNOVATION AND UNITY – REFLECTING ON A YEAR OF PROGRESS Richard Krige
11 While maintaining and enjoying good relationships with government departments matters discussed and dealt with need to be converted into outcomes for producers and more agility will be encouraged by Grain SA. A forward-looking approach is essential and the Government of National Unity has shown signs of willingness by government to adapt and implement change to the benefit of grain producers, agriculture at large and this will result in agriculture giving the economy the necessary boost to ensure growth of the sector and the economy. Growing the membership base, both commercial and emerging, remains a strategic priority as a united and representative organisation amplifies our ability to advocate effectively. Equally important is ensuring that programmes remain inclusive, future-focused and responsive to the needs of all producers. By investing in plant protection, production practices, genetics, market protection and access, digital tools, data-driven insights, training platforms and strengthened partnerships, Grain SA can further enhance its role as a trusted leader in the sector. Collaboration, partnerships and stakeholder engagement are integral to Grain SA’s mission. The strongest achievements are realised when industry, research institutions, government and private-sector partners work together. Such collaboration allows us to unlock resources, accelerate innovation adoption, break down systemic barriers and ensure that producer interests remain at the centre of national agricultural policy and value-chain development. These relationships are essential for long-term profitability, sustainability and sector growth. Membership at Agbiz and involvement with its members has supported this strategy to build solid networks and strengthen relations within the value chain to the benefit of producers and organisation. Access to tools and information ensured The Phahama Grain Phakama Farmer Development Programme, industry partnerships and technical support structures have expanded the reach of innovation and knowledge ensuring that producers across all production systems gain access to the tools and information they need to progress. Grain SA remains the essential bridge between the farmer and the broader ecosystem – ensuring that opportunities, technologies and support systems remain accessible and relevant. Rural development, transformation and a Farmer of the Year farming on communal land is evidence of these successes. Advocating for the unique realities of black farmers to ensure fair opportunities on a commercial basis remains a key area and obtaining title to the land they produce on is a priority. Challenging government to adopt innovation and technology will remain critical drivers for survival and competitiveness for South African grain producers. With global markets shifting, climatic pressures intensifying and value-chain expectations evolving, technology will increasingly define which producers thrive. Tools such as precision agriculture, enhanced genetics, automation and digital farm management systems are no longer optional – they are strategic necessities. Grain producers collectively as a producers' organisation, as head office for grain farmers, must ensure access to technology that can be adopted in a context-appropriate and economically viable way. This is how we ensure our future success as a collective. Stronger unity and solidarity needed Unity within the industry remains a core objective to ensure that the message is clear and carried by all partners. Confused and divergent positions reduce the impact of our message and reduce important issues to our survival and sustainability to cheap politics. Grain SA have initiated discussions to ensure all organisations in the agricultural space are aligned regarding various issues facing producers. Through the affiliation and participation in various organisations we will continue and further advocate for stronger unity and solidarity in agriculture. We must adopt a united voice and not talk about other organisations but rather to other organisations ensuring we are aligned in our message and actions sending a clear message to our producers, value chain partners and government. MESSAGE OF THE CHAIRPERSON With global markets shifting, climatic pressures intensifying and value-chain expectations evolving, technology will increasingly define which producers thrive.
12 Richard Krige Chairperson Securing and protecting property rights as the backbone of our agricultural systems and obtaining credit for production is not negotiable. Property rights are key for every sector of the economy and citizens to ensure economic activity by providing incentives for investment, and crucial for social development and stability. Grain SA will continue to defend and protect property rights through its continued affiliation with AgriSA and strive for unity amongst all groupings, commodity organisations, agricultural unions and the value chain to protect these rights. As I look back over this reporting period, my message of encouragement to our members is simple. Remain involved at local level in organised agricultural structures, remain curious and remain united. Continue to innovate, to learn, to adapt and to engage actively with the programmes and opportunities available to you. Focus on long-term sustainability – soil health, climate readiness, cost efficiency and strategic diversification. The future of the industry belongs to those who prepare for it today. Despite the challenges we face, the opportunities for growth, innovation and renewed competitiveness are significant. Good corporate governance in place This is the first full period of reporting on our organisation post restructuring. As Board we are comfortable with the results and outcomes and will make the necessary adjustments and adapt where necessary. The objective remains clear to protect members’ contributions under Article 30B of the Income Tax Act making these contributions tax free. The process of repayment of the reserves used during Covid has also been completed and the next target the Board has set is to increase the reserves through good financial management to the level of 80% of yearly turnover. This will ensure our organisation remains stable and sustainable into the future. I am also happy to report that good corporate governance is in place and constantly being updated and upgraded with the establishment in the last year of a full risk register detailing every department and entity’s risks and this function falls under the guidance of the Audit and Risk Committee under the guidance of its independent chairperson, Stephan Barac. Grain SA values his contribution and are thankful for his involvement in the organisation. Word of thanks Finally, I would like to express my sincere appreciation to our CEO, the management team and every member of the Grain SA staff. Your dedication, professionalism and unwavering commitment to serving our members and strengthening this industry are deeply valued. The progress reported this year reflects your hard work, integrity and belief in the mission of this organisation. Thank you for the countless hours you devote to ensuring that Grain SA remains a strong, influential and future-focused organisation. Together – with determination, innovation and unity – we will continue building a grain industry that is profitable, sustainable and globally competitive. I look forward to the year ahead with confidence, purpose and optimism. MESSAGE OF THE CHAIRPERSON
13 Grain SA is the collective expression of grain producers’ interests within the public domain but also serves a unique and specific purpose beyond representation alone. While it is not a business in the traditional sense, it functions as the corporate headquarters for grain producers, providing a space where issues of strategic importance are considered, advocating for the collective interest of grain producers and support to each other. The organisation endeavours to exert impact across government institutions, grain value chains as well as research and business sectors. We serve the interests of grain producers through strategic collaboration and the allocation of resources to identify, access and transfer cutting-edge technology. Our mandate is clear – to ensure that farmers are supported in every aspect of their farming practices to achieve profitability and sustainability. Grain SA strategic responsibility to achieve these objectives is executed in a comprehensive framework that firstly prioritises the optimisation of farming profit through resource efficiency, yield improvement, cost reduction and effective plant health management. It also emphasises the promotion of productivity by leveraging advanced technologies, research-driven crop improvement, cultivar evaluation and robust crop protection measures. Market development and diversification are integral, underpinned by free-market principles, transparency, biosecurity, diagnostic services and effective pest and disease management. Equally important is the creation of an inclusive food system, achieved by supporting emerging producers, alleviating poverty, facilitating technology transfer and fostering community development. Our impact areas include research innovation, climate adaptation, crop improvement, plant health, biosecurity and data analysis. Support is provided to all producers, from subsistence to commercial, through technology adoption, study groups, training, mentorship, NAMPO and the SA Grain Magazine. Late, dry start for all regions The positive effects of these support structures are evident in the strong yields achieved during the 2024/2025 season despite severe financial and operational pressures. Both summer grain and winter cereal producers faced a late, dry start to the season, followed by good rains in February and March. As a result, summer grain production recovered sharply, increasing by 29,3% from 15 530 495 to 20 082 585 tons. Maize rose by 26,3% (to 16 946 050 tons), sunflower by 12,1% (to 708 300 tons) and soybeans by 49% (to 2 753 125 tons). Winter cereals had a favourable start, but dry conditions later in the Rûens and persistently low prices continued to challenge producer sustainability. Even so, 2025 winter cereal production is estimated to have increased by 4,36%, from 2 655 250 to 2 770 913 tons. Wheat rose by 5,41%, canola by 7,40% and oats increased from 43 400 to 57 213 tons. Of particular concern is the sustainability of the wheat value chain, with focus on the role and future success of local wheat producers, including pricing mechanisms, fair international competition, alignment of production quality and quantity and the strengthening of partnerships within the value chain. Innovation in a changing climate South African farmers operate in a complex and often unpredictable environment. Climate volatility is a major risk, with unpredictable rainfall and heavy seasonal precipitation disrupting planting schedules. Energy interruptions affect operations dependent on irrigation and processing. OUR MISSION IN MOTION Report of the CEO DR Tobias doyer
14 REPORT OF THE CEO Rising fuel prices and high input costs for fertiliser, chemicals and seed further increase production costs and strain profit margins.Investment in alternative energy, such as solar and diesel, introduces additional cost pressures and security risks. Water infrastructure remains under severe strain and a shortage of skilled labour is emerging due to the adop- -tion of advanced technologies including artificial intelligence (AI), drones and sensors. The entire Grain SA team – especially the research team – is continuously scanning all potential sources of new technology and finding ways to ensure that South African farmers can access innovations from around the world. Leverage improved research, technology and data As sustainability is a priority for both the environment and farm profitability, grain producers strive to produce more with fewer inputs, reduce chemical use and minimise environmental impact while maintaining commercial viability. However, sustainability must be approached pragmatically. Interventions that are not aligned with the realities of farm operations can disrupt progress. Our focus is on achieving measurable outcomes by leveraging improved research, technology and data to optimise farming practices without compromising productivity. It drives economic growth, job creation, foreign exchange earnings and environmental stewardship while protecting our natural resources. Central to this approach is the promotion of sustainability through climate management, sustainable production systems and agronomic research, ensuring the long-term resilience and competitiveness of the grain industry. Managing this environment requires resilience, forward planning, financial acumen and technological understanding. Research and technological development must be region-specific and demand coordination among multiple stakeholders. Its implementation requires infrastructure, training and digital readiness. Agriculture is undergoing a transformation through biotechnology, automation and advanced breeding methods while AI accelerates the development of new agricultural practices and enhances regulatory review. Modern breeding techniques promote drought and pest-resistant crops, contributing to climate adaptability and precision agriculture improves resource efficiency, sustainability and profitability. We are in close partnership with the South African Cultivar and Technology Agency (SACTA), the Maize Trust, the SA Winter Cereal Industry Agency (SAWCIA) and other industry and funding partners to ensure the sustainability of not only grain producers but the whole value chain. However, it sometimes feels as if the technological ‘low-hanging fruit’ has been picked and we will have to implement a whole range of technology to ensure the scale of impact that future technologies can add to grain producers’ sustainability. What remains essential is a commitment to testing and implementing solutions that work in practice - even when the gains appear incremental. Small improvements, when combined, often translate into substantial benefits over time. As farmers become increasingly reliant on research, technology and collaboration, Grain SA’s mandate to foster a community of shared learning is becoming more critical and we will have to be creative to fund solutions to the gaps left by public research institutions. The study group method that South African farmers pioneered enables producers to exchange information, evaluate innovations and make sound cost-benefit decisions and our organisation helps ensure that practical, effective technologies are implemented on farms nationwide. We will have to build and expand on our experience and existing structures to face the new challenges. Despite the effectiveness of these innovations, the approval processes for new agricultural technologies remain slow, hindering innovation and competitiveness. Regulations must be efficient and scientifically grounded rather than driven by activism or political pressure. Grain SA is advocating for excessive regulations to be removed and processes automated wherever possible. International harmonisation and approval process synchronisation can reduce duplication and accelerate trade while self-regulation and transparency can ease pressure on farmers. A more effective regulatory environment creates opportunities for new agribusiness ventures and strengthens the long-term competitiveness of South African farmers. While strategic frameworks and technological advancements guide the growth and sustainability of farmers, ensuring that the quality and safety of agricultural products meet consumer expectations remains a key priority for Grain SA. Product quality and food safety are fundamental to maintaining confidence in the food system, making proactive engagement with consumers and policymakers essential. We will have to build and expand on our experience and existing structures to face the new challenges.
15 REPORT OF THE CEO Grain SA places strong emphasis on education and awareness concerning plant protection remedies, breeding methods and biosecurity. Social media is a powerful tool for shaping such public perception and participation in this public discourse allows us to correct misconceptions and communicate the value of innovative but responsible farming practices. This approach enhances confidence in the sector while supporting the social licence to operate. Complex political and economic landscape Beyond operational and technological challenges, Grain SA must also guide its members through an increasingly complex political and economic landscape both locally and internationally. This environment shapes how Grain SA fulfils its mandate and directly influences the competitiveness of local grain producers. Locally, the transition to a coalition-based Government of National Unity has introduced a new political dynamic where no single party dominates. This shift has created more noise through which farmers must make their voices heard but has also created opportunities for more meaningful dialogue and pragmatic approaches to economic growth, employment and agricultural development. Over the past year, Grain SA has made significant strides in participating in public debates, shaping opinions and ensuring that the voice of farmers is heard in both corporate and social spheres. However, policy uncertainty and low state capacity broadly create an agriculture-unfriendly environment. Socio-economic decline affects profitability, food security and agricultural development while polarisation and the spread of misinformation on social media continue to influence policy decisions. Despite these challenges, a positive relationship with the Minister of Agriculture, John Steenhuisen and improved engagement with government provide avenues for progress.
16 REPORT OF THE CEO On an international level, the ongoing tensions between major economies such as the United States, Russia and China continue to impact global trade and influence South African agriculture. The war in Ukraine has increased international grain and oilseed prices but this windfall has passed and disrupted supply chains while China’s tariff policies affect access for South African grain and oilseeds. Agricultural and environmental requirements set by the European Union determine export market access while international events contribute to fluctuations in grain prices and profit margins. South African farmers must adjust export strategies and logistics to remain competitive globally. Within this challenging domestic and global context, access to both regional and international markets is critical for the profitability and sustainability of South African grain producers. Africa, particularly the Southern African Customs Union (SACU) and the Southern African Development Community (SADC) regions, receives about half of South Africa’s agricultural exports. Grain and oilseeds are core products within these export baskets. Market expansion in East and West Africa faces limitations due to infrastructure constraints, corruption and trade barriers while Asia and the Middle East show growing demand driven by population growth and rising incomes. Access to these markets requires technical negotiation, tariff management and reliable logistics which remain a challenge in South Africa. A positive development is that Grain SA has achieved successes in securing market access, including recent breakthroughs in trade with China and Egypt. Pragmatic about developing farmers One of our greatest challenges in South Africa to ensure sustainable food production is the development of emerging farmers. This forms an integral part of the Grain SA mandate. Modern farming requires not only skill and access to resources but also a mindset that is business-oriented, disciplined and pragmatic. Historically, South Africa supported over 100 000 farmers; today fewer than 30 000 remain, highlighting the significant demands and barriers in modern agriculture. Many aspiring farmers have the desire to succeed but without proper training, resources and guidance they will not make the transition to commercial production. Grain SA’s development programme, Pahama Grain Phakama, is deliberately pragmatic. It focuses on building competent farmers rather than chasing unrealistic targets. Initiatives address financing, access to technology, motivation and skills development, ensuring that new and emerging farmers receive structured support. New commercial farmers often face challenges such as limited access to financing, insufficient infrastructure, limited irrigation water, restricted access to suitable agricultural land, regulatory delays and difficulties in securing market contracts. Collaboration with established producers and cooperatives, combined with targeted training and technology transfer, helps these new entrants develop capacity, manage risks and achieve sustainability. By combining experience with the energy and enthusiasm of our dynamic Grain SA team, we aim to nurture a new generation of farmers capable of competing both locally and internationally. To ensure that both emerging and established farmers can thrive sustainably, these development efforts are reinforced by strategic frameworks such as the Agriculture and Agro-processing Master Plan (AAMP), which aims to guide growth, financial viability and sector alignment. The AAMP provides a framework for supporting sustainable growth and financial viability for both commercial and entrant grain farmers. While the debate continues regarding its commercial practicality, Grain SA remains committed to effective implementation. We actively participate in Working groups, collaborate with government entities and ensure initiatives align with the needs of grain farmers. Over recent decades, collaboration and communication have improved, with government officials engaging more effectively and less constrained by ideological rigidity. Performance, effectiveness and practical governance are becoming key measures, creating opportunities for genuine progress in the sector. By leveraging our shared expertise and insights, we can build a grain industry that is adaptive, forwardlooking and well-positioned to thrive in the coming financial year and beyond.
17 REPORT OF THE CEO Dr tobias doyer Chief Executive Officer Our commitment continues Reflecting on the past year, I am proud of Grain SA’s role in guiding grain producers, fostering innovation and supporting the growth of the agricultural sector. The challenges we face – regulatory, political, technological and social – are complex. Yet our pragmatic approach ensures that producers remain well-supported and positioned for profitable and sustainable success. I also wish to extend my sincere appreciation to the Chairperson, Richard Krige and the Board for their unwavering dedication, leadership and professionalism. I am equally encouraged by our staff, whose strong governance at senior levels and the energetic, innovative contributions of our younger team members continue to strengthen the organisation. Their expertise, diligence and commitment remain a cornerstone of Grain SA’s ongoing success and enable us to navigate challenges with confidence and seize new opportunities on behalf of our members. Looking ahead, it is essential for all members to remain engaged, embrace innovation and contribute to the collective strength of Grain SA. By leveraging our shared expertise and insights, we can build a grain industry that is adaptive, forward-looking and well-positioned to thrive in the coming financial year and beyond. Together we can navigate evolving challenges and seize emerging opportunities, ensuring sustainable growth and success for our industry.
18 Grain SA member services Strategic focus areas regarding applied economics and member services: Sustainable, profitable production for Grain SA members. Promotion of transparent market, input and production information. Monitoring of input industry (price, quality and availability). Expansion and development of markets. Influencing of grain policy environment. Input environment: Ensuring reliable access to high-quality inputs at transparent and competitive prices. Market environment: Creating and maintaining a free, fair and competitive grain market environment. Production environment: Empowering an environment for optimum productivity in a profitable and sustainable manner. Highlights Grain SA launch of ‘Pest Control Operator’ (PCO) course exclusively for Grain SA members. SAGIS publication of wheat import and export intentions High input costs exert pressure on margins. Fertiliser monitoring project – results improve over time, lime quality raises concern. Approval of new soybean technology and registration of quite a number of new cultivars as a result of breeding and technology levy; new application for three years was approved. Working groups started for implementing the Agricultural and Agro-processing Master Plan (AAMP). Negotiations with respect to new diesel rebate system, as well as handling of interpretations (audits) of legislation – specifically with reference to keeping logbooks. Diesel automatisation Working group established and project launched in collaboration with the SARS and other industry role-players. Final year of pilot project for the implementation of alternative calculation method of soybean location differential. Grading of maize published in Government Gazette – National Chamber of Milling taking Minister of Agriculture, Grain SA and SAGRA to court. Grain SA also assisted its members with disputes. Sustained communication regarding fundamental market information. Strong representation in industry forums. Leaf Services still kept out of industry – Minister revoked Leaf Services as assignee. SAWCIA statutory research levy for wheat. NBTs – Government still deems all NBTs to be GMOs. Plant Breeders’ Rights Act and farmers’ privilege under threat. Wheat import tariff. Cultivar release norms, relaxation and white wheat. Growth in soybean industry. Actions focused on environment conducive for production Grain intelligence, economics and member services
19 Grain economics and marketing INPUT PRICES To South African producers the combination of rising input costs, volatile exchange rates and disruptions in global value chains remained a constant challenge in 2025. The percentage change in seed prices showed that maize seed had risen by 2,3%, sorghum seed by 6,2%, soybean seed by 6,9% (the biggest increase) and sunflower seed by an average of 4,3%. At an average producer price of R4 462 per ton for the 2024/2025 production year, the gap between the maize price index and the fertiliser price index increased further, which is not surprising in view of the sharp rise in fertiliser prices. Local KAN (28) rose by 7,44% year on year, urea by 14,37%, MAP by 11,23% and KCL by 9,95%. Virtually all the active ingredients required for the manufacturing of agrochemicals in South Africa are imported. Although the prices of certain herbicides and pesticides have dropped, the price of glyphosate (95%) has risen by almost 7% year on year. Diesel prices had also gradually declined over the past year, which brought a degree of relief to producers, although the volatility of the rand/dollar exchange rate still remained a limiting factor. Finally, the agricultural machinery market showed strong growth in 2025, with 5 773 tractors being sold between January and September – an increase of 22% compared to the same period in 2024. JSE MATTERS Between October 2024 and September 2025 the JSE Commodity Advisory Committee met three times (November 2024; March 2025 and July 2025). There were no meetings of the technical committee during this period. The Advisory Committee focused on transparency and accessibility. One of the issues that brought hope of the promotion of market transparency was the planned launch of the JSE Basis Futures contracts. It caused great disappointment when the JSE had to take these contracts from the table for the time being because of an internal legal opinion that requested the contracts to be expanded to accommodate more than ten silo complexes. The internal systems of the JSE first have to be adjusted to accommodate more than ten silos. Both the Commitment of Traders (CoT) report and the concentration risk report are being discussed with various regulatory bodies. The committee had an official meeting with the FSCA in which it was confirmed that financial systems first had to be adjusted before the CoT report could be discussed further. The JSE also submitted a proposal to improve speculative limits for white maize and soybeans. Grain SA commented on these and is awaiting feedback in the next committee meeting. The sizes of soybean contracts changed from 50 tons per contract to 100 tons per contract. The JSE Advisory Committee discussed issues regarding physical inventory and outloading problems in detail. Throughout the year initiatives were launched to monitor outloading rates and inventory available at JSE silos. This point is crucial and remains on the table in the remaining committee meetings. ALTERNATIVE LOCATION DIFFERENTIAL CALCULATION METHOD FOR SOYBEANS The JSE launching period for the alternative location differential calculation method commenced in 2024 for a two-year period ending at the end of 2025. Then the JSE must decide, under the guidance of the market and on the basis of the set criteria for success, whether this method will be implemented permanently. In 2024 the average redeliveries under the new model were higher than in the previous year, but in 2025 redeliveries dropped to below the average. Several silos with high redeliveries also had high redeliveries in previous years, as well as high redeliveries in the maize market. This points to a silo-specific problem, rather than the alternative method. During the pilot period that market also expanded to the extent that an additional 28 silos facilitated physical delivery of soybeans. Grain SA communicated an in-depth analysis to the JSE on the operation of the alternative model in preparation for the final decision to be made at the end of 2025. Throughout the year initiatives were launched to monitor outloading rates and inventory available at JSE silos. GRAIN INTELLIGENCE, ECONOMICS AND MEMBER SERVICES
20 LEAF SERVICES LEAF Services was appointed by the Department of Agriculture in terms of the Agricultural Product Standards Act to inspect grains and grain products. Their inspection involves grading unprocessed grain and grain products – something that is already being done by the industry. It would therefore imply the current selfregulating grading system is being duplicated. By participating in the discussions and ensuring that producers are not harmed by unnecessary additional costs, Grain SA had already saved producers millions of rands in costs by 2024. Earlier this year the Minister of Agriculture cancelled the appointment of Leaf Services after numerous requests and consultations by Grain SA and other industry role-players to the department. This is a major victory from which grain producers benefit considerably. TRADING: IMPORTS AND EXPORTS The 2024/2025 marketing season saw a drastic decrease in soybean exports. Only 150 245 tons of exports were achieved during the season, which is in stark contrast to the 597 045 tons of the previous season. Although the figure is considerably lower than that of 2023/2024, it is still higher than the 10-year average of approximately 112 000 tons per season. The biggest importers of South African soybeans were Zimbabwe, Vietnam and Lesotho. However, the decline in export tonnage was not limited to soybeans, as yellow maize exports also dropped by 64%. Yellow maize exports for the 2024/2025 season reached a total of 770 377 tons, compared to the 2 167 128 tons of the previous season. The yellow maize exports for the season were also below the 10-year average of 1 324 643 tons per season. Approximately 57% of South African yellow maize was destined for Zimbabwe, 13% for Botswana and 11% for the Kingdom of Eswatini. Other importers of yellow maize include Lesotho, Mozambique and Namibia. However, white maize exports did not follow the same trend, as there was an 18% increase in tonnage exported. White maize exports for the 2024/2025 marketing season reached 1 478 522 tons and were considerably higher than the 10-year average of 930 000 tons. Export markets for this grain mainly include South Africa’s neighbouring countries, with Zimbabwe in the lead, constituting 56% of the exports. Namibia and Botswana follow with 14% and 13% respectively. For the 2024/2025 marketing year South Africa exported only 102 265 tons of grain through the ports, and imported 3 574 361 tons of grain. Imports were, respectively, 2 420 660 tons through Durban harbour, 908 942 tons through Cape Town harbour and 244 759 through Port Elizabeth harbour. A part of the Agricultural and Agro-processing Master Plan discussions and negotiations is also to make the logistics system more effective and manage it better. One of the actions is to make upgrades to the port infrastructure. SEED COMPLAINTS INVESTIGATED During the 2024/2025 planting season Grain SA investigated various seed enquiries and complaints on behalf of our members. On specific occasions Grain SA had the seed tested itself to ensure quality. GRADING REGULATIONS FOR MAIZE In August 2021 the Maize Forum, after consultation since 2019 and research by the SAGL, applied to amend the maize grading regulations. The aim was to make cosmetic changes and reduce grey areas, among other things by removing discoloured and water-damaged kernels as defective and better defining frost-damaged kernels. Because the Department of Agriculture progressed very slowly with consultation, a temporary dispensation was applied for in 2022, but this was revoked soon afterwards because of differences of opinion between roleplayers. Despite further meetings, no consensus could be reached and the application was continued. The department published the proposed amendments on 31 October 2022, but rejected them in January 2023 because of disagreement in the forum. Grain SA and SAGRA then submitted the same research-based application on behalf of themselves. After further consideration the Minister of Agriculture approved the amendments and published them in February and March 2024. A part of the Agricultural and Agroprocessing Master Plan discussions and negotiations is also to make the logistics system more effective and manage it better. GRAIN INTELLIGENCE, ECONOMICS AND MEMBER SERVICES
21 However, in August 2024 the National Chamber of Milling sued the Minister, Grain SA and SAGRA about the publication. The court case is still ongoing. Grain SA assures members that the case is being handled properly to secure fair grading standards for producers. GRADING REGULATIONS FOR CANOLA After a long consultation with industry role-players, agreement was reached to change the grading regulations for canola. Some of the changes proposed by other role-players would not have been to the benefit of producers and Grain SA was able to oppose them successfully. These regulations should come into effect in the 2026/2027 marketing season. DIESEL REBATE AUDITS AND INTERPRETATION In addition to negotiations and discussions on a new diesel rebate system, several of our members were assisted with regard to the handling of audits by SARS. There were various challenges regarding the interpretation of legislation in the light of electronic logbook systems and the views of SARS on logbook requirements to qualify for the rebate. SARS also published the new diesel rebate system on 18 March 2022. However, the implementation date still has to be announced. Grain SA and AgriSA are uncomfortable with quite a number of the changes and are taking it up with SARS and the Treasury. Various meetings in this regard were held with SARS and the Treasury during the reporting period, and formal letters were submitted to the Treasury. Grain SA was also requested to assist SARS with the development of their automatic diesel logbook system. DIESEL AUTOMATISATION WORKING GROUP Grain SA is currently working with the South African Revenue Service (SARS), grain producers and various private technology service providers in the diesel industry on a project to automatise the diesel logbook systems. This project is aimed at replacing the current processes and improving them by developing a more effective digital system. The Working group involved in this initiative comprises volunteers and is not a closed group – any interested parties are welcome to become involved. This collaboration is an important step in the direction of administrative relief and greater efficiency for producers who are entitled to the diesel rebate. A pilot project with several producers is planned to run between October and December 2025. The Working group aims to have a feasible and tested system by March 2026 that SARS can then implement. PEST CONTROL OPERATOR (PCO) COURSE In 2023, then Department of Agriculture, Land Reform and Rural Development (DALRRD) published new regulations that defined two classes of substances, namely ‘restricted agriculture remedies’ and ‘concerning remedies’. These remedies are toxic and may be purchased, mixed and used only by registered PCOs. The classification is aimed at improving safety and responsibility in the handling of agrochemicals. After tragic deaths in 2024 due to the illegal acquisition, storage and use of restricted agriculture remedies, the DALRRD, together with the Department of Health, commenced with intensive inspections of the agriculture remedies supply chain. This led to the strict implementation of the PCO regulations. Grain SA joined hands with Potatoes SA (PSA) to facilitate the process for producers to become an accredited PCO. With the permission of the Registrar of Act 36 the two organisations managed to develop an accredited training programme with the assistance of a chemical expert. This programme is available exclusively to members of Grain SA and/or PSA. The course was introduced to members on 14 August in an online event. The Registrar of Act 36 attended the session and addressed producers and was available to answer questions. Registration for the course and the full training programme to obtain a PCO certificate are 100% online. Producers can therefore complete the course in their own time and at their own pace. Grain SA also compiled a step-by-step guide explaining how registration for the training programme works and what the Department of Agriculture (DoA) further expects from producers. This guide can be obtained by scanning the QR code or following this link: https://shorturl.at/krDmu. GRAIN INTELLIGENCE, ECONOMICS AND MEMBER SERVICES
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